Philatelia.Net: The literature / Plots / Griboedov Alexander


	Dmitry Karasyuk's author's project

Main

The literature

Plots

Countries

Artists

Bibliography

Concept

Author

Philatelia.Net / The literature / Plots /

The directory «Plots»

Griboedov (Грибоедов) Alexander Sergeyevich
(1790 or 1795—1829)

Alexander Griboedov was a Russian diplomat, playwright, and composer. He is recognized as homo unius libri, a writer of one book, whose fame rests on the brilliant verse comedy «Woe from Wit», still one of the most often staged plays in Russia. One expert, Angela Brintlinger, argues that "not only did Griboedov's contemporaries conceive of his life as the life of a literary hero--ultimately writing a number of narratives featuring him as an essential character--but indeed Griboedov saw himself as a hero and his life as a narrative. Although there is not a literary artifact to prove this, by examining Griboedov's letters and dispatches, one is able to build a historical narrative that fits the literary and behavioural paradigms of his time and that reads like a real adventure novel set in the wild, wild East."

Born in Moscow, Griboyedov studied at the Moscow University from 1810 to 1812. He then obtained a commission in a hussar regiment, but resigned it in 1816. Next year, Griboyedov entered the civil service, and in 1818 was appointed secretary of the Russian legation in Persia, and was transferred to Georgia. He had commenced writing early and, in 1816, had produced on the stage at St.Petersburg a comedy in verse called «The Young Spouses», which was followed by other works of the same kind. But neither these nor the essays and verses which he wrote would have been long remembered but for the immense success gained by his comedy in verse «Woe from Wit», a satire upon Russian aristocratic society.

As a high official depicted in the play . The play's merits are in its accurate representation of certain social and official types-such as Famusov, the lover of old abuses, the hater of reforms; his secretary, Molchalin, servile fawner upon all in office; the aristocratic young liberal and Anglomaniac, Repetilov; contrasted with whom is the hero of the piece, Chatsky, the ironic satirist, just returned from the west of Europe, who exposes and ridicules the weaknesses of the rest, his words echoing that outcry of the young generation of 1820 which reached its climax in the military insurrection of 1825, and was then sternly silenced by Nicholas I. Although rooted in the classical French comedy of Molière, the characters are as much individuals as types, and the interplay between society and individual is a sparkling dialectical give-and-take.

Griboyedov spent the summer of 1823 in Russia, completed his play and took it to St.Petersburg. There it was rejected by the censors. Many copies were made and privately circulated, but Griboyedov never saw it published. The first edition was printed in 1833, four years after his death. Only once did he see it on the stage, when it was acted by the officers of the garrison at Yerevan. Soured by disappointment, he returned to Georgia, made himself useful by his linguistic knowledge to his relative Count Ivan Paskevich during a campaign against Persia, and was sent to St. Petersburg with the Treaty of Turkmenchay of 1828. Brilliantly received there, he thought of devoting himself to literature, and commenced a romantic drama, «A Georgian Night».

Several months after his wedding to the 16-year-old daughter of his friend Prince Chavchavadze, Griboedov was suddenly sent to Persia as Minister Plenipotentiary. In the aftermath of the war and humiliating Treaty of Turkmenchay, the anti-Russian sentiment in Persia was rampant and, soon after Griboedov's arrival at Tehran, a mob incited by the British ambassador stormed the Russian embassy. Griboyedov (along with almost everyone else inside) was slaughtered, and his body was for three days so ill-treated by the mob that it was at last recognized only by an old scar on the hand, due to a wound received in a duel. It was taken to Tiflis and buried in the monastery of Saint David (Mtatsminda Pantheon). His 16-year-old widow, Nino, on hearing of his death, gave premature birth to a child, who died a few hours later. She lived another thirty years after her husband's death, rejecting all suitors and winning universal admiration by her fidelity to his memory.

Bulgaria, 1947, Kristo Sarapov as Famusov

Russia, 1995, Alexander Griboedov

USSR, 1945, Aleksander Griboedov

USSR, 1954, Aleksander Griboedov

USSR, 1959, Aleksander Griboedov, «Wit Works Woe»

Russia, 1995.01.05, Moskow. Aleksandr Griboedov