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Notre Dame de Paris
Notre-Dame de Paris, (French for "Our Lady of Paris," meaning the church in Paris dedicated to Mary, the mother of Jesus) often known simply as Notre-Dame in English, is a gothic cathedral on the eastern half of the Île de la Cité in Paris, France, with its main entrance to the west. While a major tourist destination, it is still used as a Roman Catholic cathedral (archbishop of Paris).
Notre-Dame de Paris stands on the site of Saint Etienne basilica, which was itself built on the site of a Gallo-Roman temple to Jupiter. Saint Etienne basilica was founded by Childebert in 528, and became the cathedral of the city of Paris in the 10th century. However, in 1160, having become the "parish church of the kings of Europe", Bishop Maurice de Sully deemed the building unworthy of its lofty role, and had it demolished.
Construction began in 1163, during the reign of Louis VII, and opinion differs as to whether Bishop Maurice de Sully or Pope Alexander III laid the foundation stone of the cathedral. Construction of the west front, with its distinctive two towers, only began in around 1200, before the nave had been completed. Over the construction period, numerous architects worked on the site, as is evidenced by the differing styles at different heights of the west front and towers. Between 1210 and 1220, the fourth architect oversaw the construction of the level with the rose window, and the great halls beneath the towers. The towers were completed around 1245, and the cathedral was completed around 1345.
During the reign of Louis XIV and Louis XV, at the end of the 17th century, the cathedral underwent major alterations - tombs and stained glass windows were destroyed. During the French Revolution, at the end of the 18th century, many of the cathedral's treasures were destroyed or stolen. The cathedral's great bells avoided being melted down, but the cathedral was used as a warehouse for the storage of food.
Napoleon Bonaparte, who had declared the Empire on May 28, 1804, was crowned Emperor at Notre-Dame on December 2, 1804.
A restoration program was initiated in 1845, overseen by architects Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Lassus and Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. The restoration lasted 23 years, and included the construction of a spire.
Antigua, 1989, Painting Notre Dame Cathedral
Antigua, 1999, Locomotive near Notre Dame
Bulgaria, 1989, Notre Dame, Pantheon and Arc de Triomphe
Burkina Faso, 1993, Sights of Paris
Cambodge, 1989, Russian mail coach near Notre-Dame
Cameroon, 1937, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Cameroon, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Cameroon, 1969, Coronation of Napoleon
Central African Republic, 1985, Olympic Games Poster and Paris
Chad, 1985, Victor Hugo and Notre-Dame de Paris
Chad, 1985, Victor Hugo and Notre-Dame de Paris
Chad, 1985, Victor Hugo and Notre-Dame de Paris
Chad, 1985, Victor Hugo and Notre-Dame de Paris
Chad, 1999, Notre Dame de Paris
Comoren Islands, 2008, Buildings of Paris
Congo, 1975, Citroen and Notre Dame
Cote d’Ivoire, 1937, Notre-Dame de Paris and Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Cote d’Ivoire, 1937, Notre-Dame de Paris and Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Czech Republic, 1997, Parisien Booksellers
Czechoslovakia, 1968, Notre Dame de Paris
Czechoslovakia, 1970, Curuosities
Dahomey, 1937, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Dahomey, 1971, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Djibouti, 2000, Notre-Dame de Paris and Train
Dominica, 1979, Notre Dame de Paris
Dominica, 1999, Notre-Dame de Paris and Train
Dominica, 1999, Notre-Dame de Paris
El Salvador, 1998, Goalkeepeper and the Notre Dame
France, 1924, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1936, Plane over Paris
France, 1947, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1947, Herring Gull over Ile de la Cite
France, 1950, Paris
France, 1953, Gargantua
France, 1964, Stained Glass Window
France, 1973, Coronation of Napoleon
France, 1978, The Pont Neuf
France, 1989, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1995, De Gaulle, Arc de Triomphe and Notre Dame
France, 1997, Pardallian, Notre Dame
France, 1999, Paris Panorama
France, 1999, View of Notre Dame, 1936
France, 2003, Panorama of Paris and Luxembourg
France, 2003, Esmeralda
France, 2004, Panorama of Paris
France, 2004, Notre Dame cathedral, Paris
France, 2006, Cafe near Notre-Dame
France, 2007, Monuments of Paris
France, 2008, Notre-Dame, Monmartre
France, 2009, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 2010, Notre Dame
France, 2013, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 2013, Historical Buildings of Paris
French Equatorial Africa, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
French Equatorial Africa, 1946, Liberation of Paris
French Guyana, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
French Guyana, 1946, Liberation of Paris
French India, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
French India, 1946, Liberation of Paris
French Somalia Coast, 1937, Notre-Dame de Paris and Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
French Somalia Coast, 1946, Liberation of Paris
French Sudan, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
French West Africa, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Fujeira, 1970, Coronation of Napoleon
Fujeira, 1970, Coronation of Napoleon
Fujeira, 1970, Coronation of Napoleon
Gabon, 1977, «Renault 1 CV» (1899)
Gabon, 1978, «Taxi B 14» (1927)
Gambia, 1999, Passenger locomotive, 1846
Ghana, 1989, Map of Paris
Ghana, 1999, Railway Suburban in Paris
Grenada, 1999, Train near Notre Dame de Paris
Grenada Grenadines, 1997, Notre-Dame
Guadeloupe, 1936, Notre-Dame and Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Guadeloupe, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Guinea, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
Guinea, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
Guinea, 1998, Notre Dame de Paris, Pilair Torpedo (1912)
Guinea, 2007, Notre-Dame de Paris
Guinea, 2007, Arc de Triumphe du Carrousel
Guinea, 2009, Notre Dame de Paris
Guinea, 2009, Notre Dame de Paris
Guinea, 2009, Notre-Dam, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Guinea Bissau, 2007, Buildings of Paris
Guyana, 1993, Coronation of Napoleon
Guyana, 1999, Train near Notre-Dame de Paris
Hungary, 1948, Victor Hugo, Notre-Dame de Paris
Hungary, 1977, Ballon over Paris
Hungary, 1982, Philexfrance'82
Indochine, 1937, Notre-Dame de Paris and Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Indochine, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Korea Nord, 1981, Notre-Dame and Arc de Triomphe
Laos, 2005, Notre-Dame and That Lauang
Latvia, 2004, Louvre and Arc de Triomphe
Latvia, 2008, Notre-Dame (on booklet)
Liberia, 1970, Coronation of Napoleon
Madagaskar, 1937, Paris International Exhibition
Madagaskar, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Madagaskar, 1984, Paris landmarks
Madagaskar, 1994, Notre Dame, Armed Resistence Fighters and Crowd
Madagaskar, 1994, Notre Dame de Paris
Madagaskar, 1999, Notre Dame de Paris
Maldives, 1999, Locomotive «Versailles» (1837), Notre Dame
Mali, 1979, Judo, Notre-Dame
Martinica, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame
Martinica, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Mauritanie, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame
Mauritanie, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame
Micronesia, 1999, Plane over Notre-Dame
Monaco, 1963, Route map, Notre Dame de Paris
Monaco, 1964, Plane over Paris
Monaco, 1974, Famous buildings
Mongolia, 1982, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame
Mongolia, 2002, Napoleon crossing the Alp
New Caledonia, 1937, Notre Dame, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
New Caledonia, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Niger, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame
Okeania, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
Okeania, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Panama, 1964, Notre Dame de Paris
Portugal, 1983, Balloon over Paris
Ras al-Khaima, 1970, Coronation of Napoleon
Ras al-Khaima, 1970, Coronation of Napoleon
Reunion, 1937, Arc de Triomphe, Notre Dame de Paris
Reunion, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Rumania, 1975, On the Bank of Seine
Russia, 1994, Notre Dame Cathedral
Rwanda, 1969, Coronation of Napoleon
San-Marino, 1982, Notre Dame de Paris
Sao Tome e Principe, 1991, Paris map (1615)
Senegal, 1937, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Senegal, 1937, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Serbia, 2008, Notre-Dame (Milosavljevic)
Sharjah, 1972, Charles de Gaulle, Notre Dame de Paris
Sierra Leone, 1989, Marie-Antoinette, Notre Dame de Paris
St. Pierre and Miquelon, 1937, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
St. Pierre and Miquelon, 1946, Liberation of Paris
St. Vincent, 1996, Notre Dame de Paris
St. Vincent, 1999, Pacific Steam Locomotive
Togo, 1937, Notre Dame de Paris, Arc de Triomphe de l’Etoile
Togo, 1980, Notre Dame de Paris
Uganda, 1993, Notre Dame, Paris
Umm al Quiwain, 1972, Coronation of Napoleon
UNO (Geneva), 2006, Notre Dame Cathedral
UNO (New York), 2006, Notre Dame Cathedral
UNO (New York), 2006, Notre Dame Cathedral
UNO (Wienna), 2006, Notre Dame Cathedral
Vatican, 1981, Notre-Dame
Vatican, 2007, Goldoni, actors and Notre-Dame
Wallis & Futuna, 1946, Liberation of Paris
Wallis & Futuna, 1997, Leclerc, Notre Dame de Paris
Yugoslavia, 1989, Notre Dame, Paris
Zambia, 1999, Train near Notre Dame de Paris
Estonia, 2004.06.27—07.04, Paris. Notre-Dame de Paris
France, 2003.08.30, Paris. Notre-Dame de Paris
France, 2007.11.08, Paris. Notre-Dame, Arc de Triomphe
France, 2008.06.14, Paris. Notre-Dame
San-Marino, 1982.06.10, San Marino. Notre-Dame
Czechoslovakia, 1975, UNO, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1984, Plane over Paris
France, 1984, Panorama of Paris
France, 1996, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1997, Pardallian, Notre Dame
France, 2004, Plane over Paris
France, 2004, Plane over Paris
France, 2004, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 2004, Panorama of Paris
France, 2004, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 2006, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 2007, Notre-Dame, Arc de Triomphe
France, 2009, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 2010, Stamp with Notre Dame de Paris
Russia, 2001, Birth Bicentenary of Mikhail Ostrogradsky
USSR, 1969, Eiffel tower and Notre-Dame
China, 2008, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1935, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1936, Notre Dame de Paris
France, 1989, Notre Dame de Paris
Vatican, 1989, Notre Dame de Paris